Clinical Sign and nutrient Deficiency
Hair
Transverse depigmentation: Protein, copper
Easily pluckable: Protein
Sparse and thin: Protein, zinc, biotin
Skin
Dry, scaling: Zinc, vitamin A, essential fatty acids
Flaky paint dermatitis: Protein, niacin, riboflavin
Follicular hyperkeratosis: Vitamins A and C
Perifollicular petechiae: Vitamin C
Petechiae, purpura: Vitamins C and K
Pigmentation, desquamation: Niacin
Nasolabial seborrhea: Niacin, riboflavin, pyridoxine
Pallor: Iron, folate, vitamin B12, copper
Scrotal/vulvar: dermatoses Riboflavin
Subcutaneous fat loss: Calories
Nails
Spooning: Iron
Transverse lines, ridging: Protein–calorie
Head
Temporal muscle wasting: Protein–calorie
Parotid enlargement: Protein
Eyes
Night blindness: Vitamin A, zinc
Corneal vascularization: Riboflavin
Xerosis, Bitot's spots, keratomalacia: Vitamin A
Conjunctival inflammation: Riboflavin
Mouth
Glossitis (scarlet, raw): Niacin, pyridoxine, riboflavin, vitamin B12, folate
Bleeding gums: Vitamin C, riboflavin
Cheilosis, angular stomatitis: Riboflavin
Atrophic lingual papillae: Niacin, iron, riboflavin, folate, vitamin B12
Hypogeusia: Zinc, vitamin A
Tongue fissuring: Niacin
Neck
Goiter: Iodine
Chest
Thoracic rosary: Vitamin D
Heart
High-output failure: Thiamin
Decreased output: Protein-calorie
Abdomen
Hepatosplenomegaly: Protein–calorie
Distention: Protein–calorie
Diarrhea: Niacin, folate, vitamin B12
Extremities
Muscle tenderness, pain: Thiamin, vitamin C
Muscle wasting: Protein–calorie
Edema: Protein, thiamin
Bone tenderness: Vitamin C, vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus
Neurologic
Hyporeflexia: Thiamin
Decreased position and vibratory sense: Vitamin B12, thiamin
Paresthesias: Vitamin B12, thiamin, niacin
Confabulation, disorientation: Thiamin
Dementia: Niacin
Ophthalmoplegia: Thiamin, phosphorus
Tetany: Calcium, magnesium
Other
Delayed wound healing: Zinc, proteincalorie, vitamin C
